An information system is an organized collection, storage, and presentation system of data and other knowledge for decision making, progress reporting, and for planning and evaluation of programs.1 With an added feedback mechanism, it is designed to make an organization of any size to be most efficient and effective.
The five types of systems most used are:2
- Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
- Decision Support Systems (DSS)
- Expert Information Systems (EIS)
- Management Information Systems (MIS
- Office Automation Systems (OAS)
Developed during 1950s, TPS is the oldest system created. It organizes business related exchanges like payment of employees, sales to customers and payment to suppliers. Enterprise Resource Planning was integrated to support organizations with multisite and global businesses. MIS was introduced in the 1960s to provide routine information to managers and decision makers. It allows them to do things right. DSS was added in the 1960s to support problem-specific decision making. Here the management can do the right thing. During the 1980s, EIS or KMS (as our textbook refers to it as Knowledge Management System), was established to use knowledge and experience of an expert and or organization. It is knowledge base of human expertise for problem solving, or to clarify uncertainties where normally one or more human experts would need to be consulted. Expert systems are most common in a specific problem domain, and are a traditional application and/or subfield of artificial intelligence (AI).3 OAS was a term most commonly used in 1970s and 1980s. It is used to collect and organize office information along with raw data storage, electric transfers and basic business activities.
No comments:
Post a Comment